The family tree is organized into three generations.

At the top is Maria Vasilyevna (Babushka, grandmother).

In the middle are her two children: Uncle Vanya (Ivan Petrovich) and Vera Petrovna (deceased). Vera is married to Alexander (the Professor), who later remarries Yelena Andreyevna (Lenochka).

At the bottom is Sonya (Sonyechka, Sophia Alexandrovna), the daughter of Vera and Alexander.

Also shown alongside the family are four additional characters: Doctor Astrov (Mikhail Lvovich), Nanny (Nannechka, Marina Timofeyevna), Telegin (Ilya Ilyich, Waffles), and Yefim (a worker).